This is the overview:

Laser for veins: Also called EVLA (Endovenous Laser Ablation). This technique uses a laser fibre in an affected vein that has become incompetent. Heat energy emitted from the laser fibre destroys the lining and wall of the vein and over time the body resorbs the destroyed vein effectively removing the treated vein from the circulation without the need for surgery.

Standard Sclerotherapy: With this vein treatment option, we inject a liquid sclerosant into the vein. The liquid causes the cells lining the vein wall to die. The vein walls become “sticky” and adhere to each other, causing closure of the vein over a period of weeks.

Glue treatment for veins: This treatment option is based on the use of medical glue (Venaseal or Venablock). The glue causes the walls of the vein to almost instantly stick together isolating the abnormal vein from the circulation.

Foam Sclerotherapy: Foam is now used instead of a liquid for larger veins > 2mm. This improves the contact with the vein wall, and it improves the treatment outcomes.

Ambulatory phlebectomy: This surgical but minimally invasive option performed under local anaesthetic is often combined with one of the other, non-surgical treatments. Again, this is about creating the best possible outcomes and results.